Which of the following best describes phonological awareness?

Phonological awareness is best described as the broader skill set involving recognition and manipulation of sounds in spoken language. This includes skills such as recognizing syllables, rhymes, and individual phonemes. Phonological awareness is foundational for developing reading skills, as it helps learners understand the sound structure of language, which is essential for decoding words and promoting literacy.

In contrast to the other options, which focus on various aspects of literacy skills like fluency, writing, and comprehension, phonological awareness specifically relates to the auditory components of language. This skill forms the basis for later abilities like phonics, where learners connect sounds to letters and words. By developing phonological awareness, children enhance their ability to read and write, making it a critical component of early literacy development.