Which component of language deals with word formation?

The component of language that deals with word formation is morphology, which is not one of the options provided. However, within the context of the available choices, syntax best relates to the structure and order of words in sentences, which can influence how words combine to form meaningful phrases. Syntax governs the rules and principles that dictate sentence structure, helping to ensure clarity and coherence in language.

While phonology focuses on the sounds of language, orthography deals with the written form and spelling of words, and semantics pertains to the meanings of words and sentences, syntax aligns most closely with the formation and arrangement of words in a way that conveys meaning in a larger context. Therefore, while you have chosen syntax, the correct understanding emphasizes its role in structuring language rather than the specific aspect of creating or forming words, which is more directly tied to morphology.