What does the term 'schema' refer to in the context of reading comprehension?

The term 'schema' refers to a mental framework of background knowledge that individuals use to organize and interpret information they encounter. In the context of reading comprehension, a schema helps readers make sense of new texts by connecting them to their existing knowledge and experiences. This background knowledge serves as a lens through which they understand and process new information, allowing for deeper comprehension, better retention, and enhanced critical thinking when engaging with a text.

Readers draw from their schemas when they encounter familiar themes, characters, or settings, which can influence their predictions and understanding of the material. By activating relevant schemas, readers can create meaningful connections between what they already know and what they are currently reading, ultimately improving their overall comprehension and engagement with the text.