What does fluency in reading refer to?

Fluency in reading is best defined as the ability to read smoothly and accurately with appropriate speed and expression. This encompasses several critical components: it involves not just the correct pronunciation of words but also the ability to read at a pace that allows for comprehension. When readers are fluent, they can focus more on the meaning of the text rather than on decoding individual words, which leads to better understanding and engagement with the material.

Incorporating expression is also key to fluency. When readers use appropriate intonation and pacing, they convey the emotions and nuances of the text, which enriches the reading experience and enhances comprehension. Thus, fluency is not merely about speed but includes accuracy and expression, which are essential for effective communication and comprehension in reading.